What is required to proceed with questioning a juvenile aged 14-17?

In the context of questioning a juvenile aged 14-17, the requirement for a valid waiver of rights is essential for ensuring that the juvenile understands their rights and voluntarily agrees to answer questions without counsel present. The waiver incorporates the rights typically outlined in Miranda warnings, such as the right to remain silent and the right to legal counsel.

When dealing with juveniles, it's particularly important that law enforcement ensures the juvenile comprehends these rights fully because they may not have the same capacity as adults to understand the implications of waiving their rights. A valid waiver must be knowledgeable, voluntary, and made with an understanding of the situation. This consideration places stricter guidelines on what constitutes an acceptable waiver for a juvenile compared to an adult.

Other options like a verbal agreement from the juvenile, the presence of a witness, or only verbal consent from a guardian are insufficient on their own. While international laws might advocate for various levels of consent and oversight, a valid waiver of rights specifically confirms that the juvenile is aware of and has chosen to waive their rights before any questioning takes place.